Unit 11: ARTIFICIAL ARTISTS
New Words
- possess: sở hữu (v)
- score: tổng phổ, bản nhạc (n)
- prestigious: có uy tín (a) ~ reputable
- come up with: nghĩ ra (v)
- original: độc đáo (a) → originality
- composition: bài sáng tác (n) compose (v)
- outraged: phẫn nộ (a) → outrage (n)
- blast: chỉ trích (v) ~ criticise
- condemn: lên án (v)
- replica: bản sao (n) ~ copy, duplicate
Exercise: Fill in each blank with one word. You may have to change word form.
1. She has ______ the senator’s criticism of the war by reminding viewers that he voted for the war.
2. Piano Concerto No. 23 remains to be one of the best ____________ of Mozart.
3. _____________viewers jumped onto social media to complain about the ending of the series.
4. We need some _________ ideas that will increase sales.
5. ____________ of the Eiffel Tower can be seen in many parts of China, including Hangzhou, Macao, Shandong, etc.
6. А __________ is a written or printed version of a piece of music showing what each instrument is to play or what each voice is to sing.
7. We are trying to bring out the artistic talents that many people _______ without realizing it.
8. The terrorist action has been _____________ as an act of barbarism and cowardice.
9. Steve Jobs __________the name Apple while on one of his fruitarian diets.
10.The Harvard presidency is perhaps the most __________ job in higher education.
1. Blasted
2. Compositions
3. Outraged
4. Original
5. Replicas
6. Score
7. Possess
8. Condemned
9. Came up with
10. Prestigious
Unit 12: CROP-GROWING SKYSCRAPERS
New Words
- conservative: dè dặt, khiêm tốn (nói về ước tính) (a)
- demographic: nhân khẩu (a, n)
- undoubted: chắc chắn (a) ~ undisputed
- produce : nông sản (n) ~ food, crops
- cutting-edge: tiên tiến nhất (a) ~ state-of-the-art, most advanced
- sacrifice: hi sinh (v)
- herbicide: thuốc diệt cỏ (n) # pesticide = insecticide: thuốc trừ sâu
- infectious: lây nhiễm (a) → infection (n)
- prohibitively: quá cao (giá cả) (adv)
- aspiration: khát vọng (n) ~ desire
Exercise: Fill in each blank with one word. You may have to change word form.
1. In this modern era, entrepreneurs should adopt _________ technologies to grow their businesses.
2. We buy organic ________from the farmers’ market every other day.
3. Having had little education herself, she had very high educational ___________ for her children.
4. Usain Bolt is the ______________star of the Olympic Games and the best thing to happen to sprinting since forever.
5. Houses in Ho Chi Minh City tend to be ____________expensive to young office workers.
6. After the 21-day isolation period, Ebola survivors are no longer __________
7. Based on the most _____________-estimate, a 1% increase in COVID-19 infections leads io a 0.17% increase in sovereign CDS spreads.
8. __________ is a chemical that is poisonous to plants, used to kill plants that are growing where they are not wanted.
9. Many women _________their own ambitions to put their family first.
10. Researchers use ____________-analysis to analyze whole societies or just groups of people.
1. cutting-edge
2. produce
3. aspiration
4. undoubted
5. prohibitively
6. infectious
7. conservative
8. herbicide
9. sacrifice
10. demographic
Unit 13: INFORMATION THEORY - THE BIG IDEA
New Words
- breakthrough: đột phá (n) ~ advance
- pin down: hiểu chính xác (v)
- vague: mơ hồ (a) ~ unclear
- intact: nguyên vẹn (a) ~ undamaged
- probe: tàu thăm dò (vũ trụ) (n) ~ spacecraft
- stunning: tuyệt đẹp (a) ~ beautiful
- sensor” cảm biến (n)
- circuit: mạch (điện) (n)
- spare: phụ tùng (n)
- highlight: làm nổi bật (v) ~ underline
Exercise: Fill in each blank with one word. You may have to change word form.
1. The cause of the disease is difficult to ___________ precisely and therefore no cure has been developed.
2. The accident _____________ the need for new safety measures.
3. It can be difficult to get _________________ for some older makes of car.
4. Scientists are hoping for a __________________in the search for a cure for cancer.
5. The flow or movement of electrons through the electrical _____________ is called the electrical current.
6. A space _____________ is a robotic spacecraft that does not orbit the Earth, but instead explores farther into outer space.
7. The church was destroyed in the bombing but the altar survived ______________
8. The security device has a heat ______________which detects the presence of people and animals.
9. My new temporary home in Encinitas was quite superb, walking distance away ___________from California beaches.
10.I have only a ____________ memory of the house where I lived as a child.
1. pin down
2. highlights
3. spares
4. breakthrough
5. circuit
6. probe
7. intact
8. sensor
9. stunning
10. vague
Unit 14: WHAT HAPPENED TO THE HARAPPAN CIVILISATION
New Words
- drainage: hệ thống cống rãnh (n) → drain (n): cống, rãnh
- ritual: nghi lễ (tôn giáo) (a, n)
- carving: chạm khắc (n) → carve (v)
- succumb: không chống nổi (v) # resist
- settlement: nơi định cư (n) → settle (v)
- inhabit: sống, ở (v) › uninhabitable (a): không thể ở được
- definitive: chắc chắn (a)
- sediment: trầm tích (n)
- monsoon: mùa mưa bão (ở Châu Á) (n)
- abrupt: đột ngột (a) ~ sudden
Exercise: Fill in each blank with one word. You may have to change word form.
1. The failure of the ______would destroy harvests on which a billion people rely.
2. As you step into the air-conditioned office, there is an _____change in temperature.
3. А ____ is a shape or pattern cut into wood or stone.
4. In ______ life, the arts, such as dance and body painting, serve as a counterforce to evil and generate energy.
5. Many ______ turned into ghost towns, as the land could no longer sustain life.
6. The house has neither ________ nor a water supply, so these will need to be added early in any renovation.
7. Young people who feel good about themselves are less likely to _________tonegative pressure.
8. _________is sand, stones, mud, etc. carried by water and left on the bottom of a lake, or river.
9. The police had no _________proof of her guilt and had to let her leave.
10. The building has been abandoned for years and is now _________by birds.
1. Monsoon
2. Abrupt
3. Carving
4. Ritual
5. Settlement
6. Drainage
7. Succumb
8. Sediment
9. Definitive
10. Inhabited
Unit 15: CUTTY SARK
New Words
- misfortune: vận xui (n) # fortune
- steer : bè lái (v) → steering wheel: bánh lái
- pose: đặt ra (v) ~ present
- incompetent: kém cỏi (a) # competent
- turnaround: bước ngoặc (n) → turn around (v)
- navigator: nhà hàng hải (n) → navigate (v)
- pay off: được đền đáp (v)
- vessel: tàu/thuyền lớn (n)
- miscellaneous: linh tinh (a)
- gale: cuồng phong (n)
Exercise: Fill in each blank with one word. You may have to change word form.
1. The pilot managed to ________ the plane away from the town and crash-land in a nearby field.
2. Drunken drivers ________ a serious threat to other road users.
3. Hundreds of old trees were blown down in the __________
4. The job helps me pay for food and ___________expenses.
5. Refugees are making hazardous journeys across the Mediterranean Sea in unsafe _____
6. Her performance was deemed grossly_________, so she was fired.
7. Never take delight in someone’s personal _____________
8. All her hard work ___________ in the end, and she finally passed the exam.
9. Christopher Columbus was an Italian _________ who discovered the Americas.
10.In one month you could be seeing a huge ___________ in your marketing and the results of your efforts.
1. Steer
2. Pose
3. Gale
4. Miscellaneous
5. Vessels
6. Incompetent
7. Misfortunes
8. Paid off
9. Navigator
10. Turnaround
Unit 16: THE HISTORY OF GLASS
New Words
- revolutionary: có tính cách mạng (a) → revolution (n)
- impurity: tạp chất, cặn (n)
- reputation: danh tiếng (n) → reputable (a)
- crystal: pha lê (n) → crystal clear (a): trong như pha lê
- counter: làm giảm (ảnh hưởng) (v) ~ counteract
- levy: thu (thuế) (v)
- fiercely: dữ dội (adv) → fierce (a)
- market share: thị phần (n)
- landfill: bãi rác (n)
- quarry: khai thác (mỏ) (v) → quarry (n): mỏ
Exercise: Fill in each blank with one word. You may have to change word form.
1. To win in a _________competitive market, you must be better than your competitors.
2. The gray limestone in this area was once ________ for use in bridges and buildings.
3. The effects of job losses in manufacturing were ___________ by the creation of more jobs in the service industries.
4. His ___________ was destroyed when he was caught stealing some money.
5. The tax __________ on cigarettes in my country is 34.5 cents per pack of 20 cigarettes.
5. The 20th century brought about ___________ changes in our lifestyles.
7. The living room was spectacular with priceless glass and _________ furnishings.
8. Nirety percent of American rubbish is dumped in ____________ sites.
9. Our competitor is cutting prices right now in an attempt to regain __________
10.___________ are removed from the blood by the kidneys.
1. Fiercely
2. Quarried
3. Countered
4. Reputation
5. Levied
6. Revolutionary
7. Crystal
8. Landfill
9. Market share
10. Impurities
Unit 17: RAISING THE MARY ROSE
New Words
- fleet: hạm đội (n) ~navy
- account : sự tường thuật (n) ~ description
- witness: nhân chứng (n) → witness (v): chứng kiến
- undisciplined: vô kỷ luật (a) # disciplined
- undisputed : không thể tranh cãi (a) ~ undoubted
- wreck: xác tàu (n)
- excavation: khai quật (n) → excavate (v)
- climax: đỉnh điểm (n)
- artefact: hiện vật (n)
- salvage: cứu hộ tàu (v, n)
Exercise: Fill in each blank with one word. You may have to change word form.
1. A judicial investigation was ordered, but _________were threatened and none would testify.
2. The diaries contained a detailed __________of the writer’s experiences in China.
3. Divers exploring the _______ managed to salvage some coins and jewelry.
4. It’s an ________ fact that women on average live longer than men.
5. If a child is _________and selfish, there is nobody to blame but the parents.
6. The ferry sank into the sea on April 8 and was ________later for investigation.
7. The museum’s collection includes _________dating back to prehistoric times.
8. Signing the peace agreement with the enemy was the _________of his political career.
9. Three skulls and one full skeleton were discovered during the _______of an Egyptian tomb.
10. At the Battle of Bạch Đầng River in 938, the entire Chinese ________ was defeated within some hours.
1. Witness
2. Account
3. Wreck
4. Undisputed
5. Undisciplined
6. Salvaged
7. Artefacts
8. Climax
9. Excavation
10. Fleet
Unit 18: WHAT DESTROYED THE CIVILISATION OF EASTER ISLAND
New Words
- ethnographer: nhà dân tộc học (n) → ethnography (n): ngành dân tộc học
- folklore: văn học dân gian (n)
- descendant: hậu duệ (n) # ancestor (n): tổ tiên
- cannibalism: tục ăn thịt người (n)
- scenario: viễn cảnh (n)
- accelerate: làm tăng tốc (v) → acceleration (n)
- assert: khẳng định (v) → assertion
- catastrophe: thảm họa (n) → catastrophic (a)
- contend: cho rằng (v) ~ argue
- manoeuvre: di chuyển (v)
Exercise: Fill in each blank with one word. You may have to change word form.
1. In the worst-case ____________, the whole Mekong Delta would be underwater by 2050.
2. Sometimes these people ate mud and unwillingly practiced ________to keep from starving.
3. The lawyer _________ that her client had never been near the scene of the crime.
4. Losing his job was a financial _________for his family.
5. Local ___________ has it that prehistoric men drove cattle over these cliffs.
6. An ___________is a person who studies different peoples and cultures, with their customs, habits and differences.
7. The new teacher, despite her young age, could quickly _________her authority over the class.
8. It is easier to ____________a van in a narrow street than a truck.
9. Farmers nowadays usually use special chemicals to__________the growth of crops.
10. Most of today’s black Americans are _____________of enslaved Africans.
1. Scenario
2. Cannibalism
3. Contended
4. Catastrophe
5. Folklore
6. Ethnographer
7. Assert
8. Manoeuvre
9. Accelerate
10. Descendants
Unit 19: THE STORY OF SILK
New Words
- solely: chỉ (adv) ~ only
- weave: dệt (v)
- entitle: cho quyền (làm gì) (v)
- diplomatic: ngoại giao (a) diplomat (n): nhà ngoại giao
- commodity:hàng hóa (n) ~ goods
- conceal: giấu giếm (v) ~ hide
- extensively: rộng rãi (adv) extensive (a)
- esteemed: được kính trọng (a)
- interrupt: làm gián đoạn (v) → interruption (n)
- stifle: kiềm chế (v)
Exercise: Fill in each blank with one word. You may have to change word form.
1. He was not __________ to receive any compensation under his employment contract.
2. Please feel free to ___________me if you don’t understand anything.
3. It is the responsibility of schools to encourage learning, not to ___________it.
4. To ___________his identity, the man’s voice has been dubbed over.
5. The country’s most valuable ___________ include tin and diamonds.
6. It takes great skill to _______________ a basket out of grass.
7. It is simply not true that smoking is _____________responsible for the current cancer epidemic.
8. It’s a new country, hoping for _____________recognition from the international community.
9. I have been fortunate to have the support and encouragement of several ____________colleagues.
10. The singer has performed ___________in various cities throughout British Columbia.
1. Entitled
2. Interrupt
3. Stifle
4. Conceal
5. Commodities
6. Weave
7. Solely
8. Diplomatic
9. Esteemed
10. Extensively
Unit 20: TEA AND THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
New Words
- combination lock: khóa mật mã (n)
- affluent : giàu có (a) ~ wealthy
- static: không đổi (a) # dynamic
- malaria: bệnh sốt rét (n)
- antiseptic: có tính khử trùng (a) ~ disinfectant
- dysentery: kiết lỵ (n)
- out of contention: ra khỏi cuộc đua (exp)
- appraisal: sự đánh giá (n) ~ assessment
- distinguished: lỗi lạc (a) ~ eminent
- forge ahead: tiến nhanh (v) ~ advance rapidly
Exercise: Fill in each blank with one word. You may have to change word form.
1. The company is _________with its plans for expansion.
2. Luke published nearly 100 papers and eight books during his highly ________career.
3. The newspaper gave an editorial. __________of the governments’ achievements of the past year.
4. Injury put him _________at the tournament.
5. Choiera, __________-and other illnesses can be contracted from untreated bathing and drinking water.
6. Hand washing with _________ soap significantly reduced bacterial counts.
7.__________ is a mosquito-borne infectious disease that affects humans and other animals.
8. Customers will not return to a website if the information is ________
9. The government wants to redistribute wealth from more ________ areas to deprived parts of the country.
10.Case files are kept at police headquarters behind two sets of doors, with the outer doors secured with a ___________.
1. Forging ahead
2. Distinguished
3. Appraisal
4. Out of contention
5. Dysentery
6. Antiseptic
7. Malaria
8. Static
9. Affluent
10. Combination lock