Unit 1: COULD URBAN ENGINEERS LEARN FROM DANCE
New Words
- improvise: ứng biến (v)
- intimate: sâu kín; thân mật (a)
- detach: tách rời (v)
- separation: sự tách biệt (n) → separate (v)
- blueprint: bản vẽ thiết kế (n) ~ plan, design
- simplify: đơn giản hóa (v) → simplification (n)
- illustrate: minh họa (v) → illustration (n)
- prevalent: phổ biến (a) ~ prevailing
- grid: mạng lưới (n)
- choreography: vũ đạo (n) → choreographer (n): biên đạo múa
Exercise: Fill in each blank with one word. You may have to change word form.
1. I hadn’t prepared a speech so I suddenly had to _______
2. __________ is the art of designing and arranging the steps and movements in
dances, especially in ballet.
3. His lecture was ________ with photos taken during the expedition.
4. If you try to ___________ philosophy too much, you lose its essence.
5. Other than the fact that word squares and Sudoku puzzles are both arranged in square ________, they really don’t have much in common.
6. Trees are dying in areas where acid rain is most ________
7. China sought to neutralize Australia, he said, by ________ it from the
American alliance.
8. She has an _________ knowledge of Tuscany, where she has lived for 20 years.
9. A new hotel, 117 residential units, and a number of offices are all in the design _________
10. During the war many couples had to endure long periods of __________
1. improvise
2. choreography
3. illustrated
4. simplify
5. grids
6. prevalent
7. detaching
8. intimate
9. blueprint
10. separation
Unit 2: BACK TO THE FUTURE OF SKYSCRAPER DESIGN
New Words
- habitable: có thể sinh sống được (a)# uninhabitable
- gadget: công cụ, thiết bị (n) ~ appliance
- spectacular: cực lớn (a)
- squander: lãng phí (v)~ waste
- accommodate: chứa được (v)~ house
- relentlessly: không ngừng (adv)~ persistently
- reliance: sự phụ thuộc (n)→ rely on (v)
- volume: thể tích (n)
- tuberculosis: bệnh lao (n)
- legacy: di sản (n)
Exercise: Fill in each blank with one word. You may have to change word form.
1. He ________________________all his money on gambling.
2. Although the party spent millions on media advertisements, it suffered___________________a loss in the election.
3. Americans also have a strong technological bias, and are a people of tools_________________ and so to speak.
4. Some areas of Russia are just too cold to be__________________
5. The President’s greatest ____________________was the message he always gave that humans can improve their lives if they try.
6. Crowded housing encouraged the spread of ______________________and infectious diseases such as measles.
7. One box may look bigger than the other, but in fact they are roughly equal in_________________
8. The new dormitory will be able to _____________________an additional 200 students.
9. The study programme concentrates more on group work and places less _____________ on lectures.
10. She believes that her husband is innocent and has campaigned _________________for her husband’s release from prison.
1. squandered
2. spectacular
3. gadgets
4. habitable
5. legacy
6. tuberculosis
7. volume
8. accommodate
9. reliance
10. relentlessly
Unit 3: THE FALKIRK WHEEL
New Words
- rotating: xoay (a) rotate (v)
- authority: chính quyền, cơ quan có thẩm quyền (n)
- regeneration: sự tái sinh (n)
- assemble: lắp ráp (v) → assembly line (n): dây chuyền lắp ráp
- painstakingly: một cách tỉ mỉ (adv) ~ thoroughly
- dismantle: tháo dỡ (v)
- robust: mạnh, chắc (a) ~ strong
- hydraulic: thủy lực (a)
- upright: thẳng đứng (a) ~ vertical
- vice versa: ngược lại (adv)
Exercise: Fill in each blank with one word. You may have to change word form.
1. An electric motor is a ____________ device that converts electrical energy to mechanical energy.
2. IKEA’s products are specifically designed to be simple to ________so that customers can easily do it themselves.
3. The most beautiful option to travel from Cambodia to Southern Vietnam – or ______________- is to take the various waterways.
4. The government is urging education _____________to spend less money.
5. She ___________ the washing machine to see what the problem was, but couldn’t put it back together again.
6. Please return your seat to an _________position and fasten your belt. The plane is going to take off.
7. А _________ machine operates by using power from the pressure of water or another liquid.
8. The country’s political system has continued to be _________in spite of its economic problems.
9. The streets are clean because every morning street-sweepers ______clean every corner of the city.
10. Natural forest _________on deforested land exerts a controlling influence on carbon dioxide emissions.
1. Rotating
2. Assemble
3. Vice versa
4. Authorities
5. Dismantled
6. Upright
7. Hydraulic
8. Robust
9. Painstakingly
10. Regeneration
Unit 4: TIDAL POWER
New Words
- renewable: có thể tái tạo (a) # non-renewable
- turbine: tua bin (n)
- drastically: mạnh mẽ (adv)
- venture: dự án kinh doanh (n) ~ enterprise
- propeller: cánh quạt, chân vịt (tàu) (n)
- generator: máy phát điện (n) →generate (v)
- diameter: đường kính (n) → radius (n): bán kính
- seaweed: rong biển (n)
- hostile: khắc nghiệt (a) ~ harsh
- vibration: sự rung động (n) → vibrate (v)
Exercise: Fill in each blank with one word. You may have to change word form.
1. __________________ were felt hundreds of miles from the center of the earthquake.
2. The weather in Miami is quite ___________ with about three gigantic hurricanes each year.
3. Sushi is fast and enjoyable snack which contain bits of fish wrapped in rice and ________
4. The _____________ of the Earth is 12,742 km while that of the sun is about 1,392,700 km.
5. Our hospital has purchased two emergency ___________ are designed to cope with power cuts.
6. Boats powered by _______________ and engines were bringing people across this river in under three hours.
7. With debts of $4 million and a monthly payroll of $1.2 million, the_________ is clearly heading for trouble.
8. Our communication environment has changed ______________ in the last 20 years with the advent of the Internet.
9. A one-megawatt _____________ can produce enough electricity annually to meet the needs of 700 households.
10. Water constitutes cost-free energy for generating electricity that is perpetually ___________ and sustainable.
1. Vibrations
2. Hostile
3. Seaweed
4. Dimeter
5. Generators
6. Propellers
7. Venture
8. Drastically
9. Turbine
10. Renewable
Unit 5: THE GLASS MANUFACTURE - THE FLOAT PROCESS
New Words
- molten: nóng chảy (a)
- spin: quay tròn (n) ~ rotate
- squeeze: ép, nén (v)
- roller: trục lăn (n)
- eliminate: loại bỏ (v) ~ remove, get rid of
- horizontal: nằm ngang (a) → vertical (a): thẳng đứng
- parallel: song song (a) → in parallel with something
- pilot: thí điểm (a, v)
- optical: Quang học (a) → optically (adv)
- inspection: sự kiểm tra (n) ~ examination
Exercise: Fill in each blank with one word. You may have to change word form.
1. If the __________ scheme is successful, we will build a full-scale factory.
2. To make the dipping sauce, first, cut the lemon in half and ____________ the juice into the bowl.
3. The earth _________ on its axis at the speed of roughly 1,000 miles per hour.
4. Skilled craftspeople can create intricate designs from the intense heat of________glass.
5. Her passport seemed legitimate, but on closer ___________, it was found to have been altered.
6. Two__________ lines never meet each other and the distance between them
is always constant.
7. Avoid wearing clothes with _______________ stripes as they make you look fat.
8. A move towards healthy eating could help _____________ heart disease.
9. Microscopes and telescopes are _____________ instruments.
10. As the hot metal passed between the huge _____________ it was pressed into thin sheets.
1. Pilot
2. Squeeze
3. Spins
4. Molten
5. Inspection
6. Paralled
7. Horizontal
8. Eliminate
9. Optical
10. Rollers
Unit 6: STRIKING BACK AT LIGHTNING WITH LASERS
New Words
- populated: có người sinh sống (a) → populate (v)
- neutralise: vô hiệu hóa (v) ~ counteract
- laser: tia laser (n)
- conductor: vật dẫn điện (n) → conduct (v)
- portable: xách tay, có thể mang theo (a) ~ mobile
- avalanche: tuyết lở (n)
- meteorology: khí tượng học (n) → meteorological (a)
- menace: mối đe dọa (n) ~ threat
- torrential rain: mưa xối xả (n)
- hail: mưa đá (n)
Exercise: Fill in each blank with one word. You may have to change word form.
1. Metal is a good ____________of electricity while plastic is not.
2. Drunk drivers are a ________________to everyone.
3. For more than 60 years, weather balloons have been the foundation of global _________ as they provide atmospheric data to weather stations.
4. He was killed in an ___________ while skiing.
5. Thunderstorms sometimes drop balls of ice known as _____________ in addition
to rain.
6. After two days of sunshine, _____________ started falling in Australia too, washing out part of his holiday.
7. Acidity in soil can be _____________ by spreading lime on it.
8. They do not want to run the risk of bombs falling on _________________ areas.
9. The laptop’s ultra compact design makes it extremely ____________ and practical.
10. _____________ eye surgery involves using lasers to reshape the front surface
(cornea) of your eyes so that you can focus better.
1. Conductor
2. Menace
3. Meteorology
4. Avalanche
5. Hall
6. Torrential rain
7. Neutralised
8. Populated
9. Portable
10. Laser
Unit 7: WHY PAGODAS DON’T FALL DOWN
New Words
- typhoon: bão lớn (n) ~ hurricane
- devastate : tàn phá (v) → devastating (a)
- masterpiece: kiệt tác (n)
- resilience : tính đàn hồi (n) → resilient (a)
- pillar: cây cột (n)
- startling: gây sửng sốt (a) ~ surprising
- suspend: treo (v) ~ hang
- successive: nối tiếp nhau (a) ~ consecutive
- stack: chồng lên nhau (v)
- sway: đu đưa, lắc lư (v)
Exercise: Fill in each blank with one word. You may have to change word form.
1. Earthquakes, _____________ and other natural disasters are frequent in Japan.
2. Once the last few people had left the hall, the caretaker began______________ the chairs.
3. The movement of the ship caused the mast to ______________ from side to side.
4. The bomb ________________ much of the old part of the city.
5. The roof is supported by eight massive stone ______________
6. The most ______________ thing about this 7.0 magnitude earthquake was that no
one was killed or injured.
7. The museum houses several of Picasso’s ___________, some of which are worth
more than 200 million dollars.
8. Some lamps were tables. ______________from the ceiling while other were placed on
9. The road remained closed for the third _______________day.
10. Bone mineral density is the measure physicians use to determine bone strength and ___________
1. Typhoons
2. Stacking
3. Sway
4. Devastated
5. Pillars
6. Startling
7. Masterpieces
8. Suspended
9. Successive
10. Resilience
Unit 8: DRIVERLESS CARS
New Words
- implementation: việc thực hiện, thi hành (n) → implement (v)
- cite: viện dẫn, trích dẫn (v) → citation (n)
- collision: sự va chạm (n) → collide (v)
- incidence: tỷ lệ (xảy ra 1 sự việc) (n)
- socialize: giao lưu (v)
- mileage: số dặm đã đi được (n)
- turnover: sự quay vòng hàng hóa (n)
- unoccupied: trống (không có người) (a) ~ empty
- exceptional: đặc biệt (a) ~ unusual
- conquer: chinh phục (v) ~ overcome
Exercise: Fill in each blank with one word. You may have to change word form.
1. The car costs €70 a day to rent, but you get unlimited_________(= no charge for the miles traveled).
2. I hope Adam’s actually doing some work – he seems to spend all his time __________
3. Two drivers were killed in a direct ____________ between a car and a taxi last night.
4. The keys to the successful ________________ of the project have been simplicity and
communication.
5. He_____________ his heavy workload as the reason for his breakdown.
6. This treatment is quite safe but in a few _________________cases it has alarming side effects.
7. The term ghost cities’ refers to property developments in China which are mostiy _____________.
8. The large number of temporary contracts resulted in a high __________of staff.
9. The only way to _______________ a fear is to face it.
10. There is a greater ____________________ of cancer in the families of radiation workers.
1. Mileage
2. Socialising
3. Collision
4. Implementation
5. Cited
6. Exceptional
7. Unoccupied
8. Turnover
9. Conquer
10. Incidence
Unit 9: THE DESOLENATOR PRODUCING CLEAN WATER
New Words
- desalination: khử muối (n) → desalinate (v)
- reserve: nguồn dự trữ (n) → reserve (v): để dành
- distill: chưng cất (v)
- particle: mảnh nhỏ (n) ~ bit
- scarcity: sự khan hiếm (n) → scarce (a)
- outright: toàn bộ, hoàn toàn (adv) ~ completely
- municipal: (thuộc) thành phố (a)
- negotiate: thương lượng (v) → negotiation (n)
- envision: hình dung (một việc xảy ra trong tương lai) (v)
- humanitarian: nhân đạo (a)
Exercise: Fill in each blank with one word. You may have to change word form.
1. It is difficult to__________how she will react to this bad news.
2. The United Nations is sending _______aid to the areas worst affected by the war.
3. The driver and all three passengers were killed ___________in the collision.
4. _______ has become a viable option for the development of reliable freshwater supplies.
5. The government’s official line has always been to refuse to_________ with terrorists.
6. Schools and _________offices were closed to enable pupils and employees to
attend the festival.
7. A ____________ of flour makes bread, cake, and other baked goods more
expensive.
8. The city is polluted with tiny ______of dust and smoke dispersed through the air.
9. Some strong alcoholic drinks such as whiskey are made by ____________
10. The world’s oil _______ will last 53 more years at current extraction rates, according to BP’s annual report.
1. Envision
2. Humanitarian
3. Outright
4. Desalination
5. Negotiate
6. Municipal
7. Scarcity
8. Particles
9. Distilling
10. Reserves
Unit 10: BIKE-SHARING SCHEMES
New Words
- activist: nhà hoạt động (n)
- consumerism: chủ nghĩa tiêu thụ (n) → consume (v)
- publicise: làm cho nhiều người biết (v) ~ advertise
- seize: nắm bắt (v)
- elaborate: kỹ lưỡng (a)
- glorious: huy hoàng (a)
- arouse: gợi lên, dấy lên (v) → arousal (n)
- vandalism: tội phá hoại tài sản (n) → vandalise (v)
- abolish: bãi bỏ (v) → abolition
- pivotal: quan trọng, then chốt (a) ~ central, crucial
Exercise: Fill in each blank with one word. You may have to change word form.
1. The work of the charity has been widely ________ throughout the media.
2. Accountancy, law and economics are ________to a successful career in any financial services area.
3. She and her boyfriend came up with an _________plan to murder her husband.
4. Some people worry that if death penalty is_________, there will be a rise in major crimes.
5. Many motorists have now been forced to park out of view, risking theft and ___________
6. More and more people are convinced of the importance of ethical and green _________
7. Thousands of environmental _______ joined the march to demand action on climate change.
8. Artificial intelligence has _______a lot of interest among IT engineers for the last decade.
9. The Paris Agreement on Ending the War and Restoring Peace in Vietnam was a _______ victory of Vietnam’s diplomacy in the Ho Chi Minh era.
10. When our manager said she was leaving the company, I ________the opportunity to fill the vacancy.
1. Publicised
2. Pivotal
3. Elaborate
4. Abolished
5. Vandalism
6. Consumerism
7. Activists
8. Aroused
9. Glorious
10. Seized